Affichage des articles dont le libellé est Linux. Afficher tous les articles
Affichage des articles dont le libellé est Linux. Afficher tous les articles

mercredi 20 avril 2016

The Ars guide to building a Linux router from scratch

After finally reaching the tipping point with off-the-shelf solutions that can't match increasing speeds available, we recently took the plunge. Building a homebrew router turned out to be a better proposition than we could've ever imagined. With nearly any speed metric we analyzed, our little DIY kit outpaced routers whether they were of the $90- or $250-variety.
Naturally, many readers asked the obvious follow-up—"How exactly can we put that together?" Today it's time to finally pull back the curtain and offer that walkthrough. By taking a closer look at the actual build itself (hardware and software), the testing processes we used, and why we used them, hopefully any Ars readers of average technical abilities will be able to put together their own DIY speed machine. And the good news? Everything is as open source as it gets—the equipment, the processes, and the setup. If you want the DIY router we used, you can absolutely have it. This will be the guide to lead you, step-by-step.

lundi 18 janvier 2016

What's new in Linux 4.4



With 4.4, Linux now offers much improved support for Intel's new Skylake processor family. Intel claims that Skylake has double the performance and triple the battery life of that five-year old laptop still in your bag because it's "good enough." Without deep operating system support, such as Linux now offers, that improved functionality is largely hidden.

The Linux kernel 4.4 also offers better support for ARM's 64-bit processors and Qualcomm's high-bandwidth capable Snapdragon 820. The popular makers' Raspberry Pi system also has better graphics support thanks to a beta Kernel Mode Setting (KMS) driver.

People who run Linux in a virtual machine (VM) will be pleased that the new virtio-gpu driver enables virtualization guests to use the host graphics card efficiently. "In this release, it allows the virtualization guest to use the capabilities of the host GPU to accelerate 3D rendering. In practice, this means that a virtualized Linux guest can run a game while using the host's GPU acceleration. This makes running games on Linux VMs much faster. To use this, you'll need a VM that uses Linux's native VM hypervisor, KVM, and QEMU 2.5."

vendredi 11 septembre 2015

LFCS: (Linux Foundation Certified Sysadmin) certification

lundi 1 juin 2015

Bien utiliser Git merge et rebase

Un git merge ne devrait être utilisé que pour la récupération fonctionnelle, intégrale et finale d’une branche dans une autre, afin de préserver un graphe d’historique sémantiquement cohérent et utile, lequel représente une véritable valeur ajoutée.
Tous les autres cas de figure relèvent du rebase sous toutes ses formes : classique, tri-partite, interactif ou cherry picking.
Dans cet article de fond, nous allons explorer en détail les sémantiques de merge et rebase, apprendre à choisir entre l’un ou l’autre, et donner des clés pour les utiliser au mieux afin d’obtenir un historique impeccable.
Mise à jour : la version anglaise de cet article est ici

lundi 30 décembre 2013

Dormir tranquille: etteindre à une certaine heure

la commande leave laisser (leave) attend que le temps spécifié (dans les 12 prochaines heures), puis vous rappelle que vous devez partir en écrivant à la console que vous devez laisser vos sessions
pfares@pascal-Notebook:~$ leave 
When do you have to leave? 2300  
Alarm set for Mon Dec 30 23:00. (pid 8808)
Esayer et voir le résultat!

Des programmes prêts à l'emploi!

C'est vieux mais ça marche toujours!

date :  affichage de l'heure et de la date

     pfares@pascal-Notebook:~$ date
                lundi 30 décembre 2013, 20

cal : affichage du calendrier

pfares@pascal-Notebook:~$ cal
   Décembre 2013      
di lu ma me je ve sa  
 1  2  3  4  5  6  7  
 8  9 10 11 12 13 14  
15 16 17 18 19 20 21  
22 23 24 25 26 27 28  
29 30 31              
           :55:55 (UTC+0200)
--
uptime, ruptime : depuis quand le  système fonctionne-t-il?
pfares@pascal-Notebook:~$ uptime
 21:00:23 up  2:48,  3 users,  load average: 0,19, 0,26, 0,17
pfares@pascal-Notebook:~$ ruptime
pascal-Noteb  up       2:50,     1 user,   load 0.53, 0.34, 0.20
Question? Quel est la différence en ruptime et uptime? essayez, cherchez et répondez  

lundi 16 décembre 2013

Linux is too complicated, it is for professional !

Say that there are people who believe that!

... How does it ... this is what you believe too? o_O
Stop there, unhappy! Do not make a step further, you're wrong!

Linux is not complicated, and I'll prove it.
You do not know what Linux? It does not matter, this is a course for beginners: the explanations start from the first chapter!

Who is this course?


Windows users who want to discover Linux

Linux for beginners looking to better manage their OS

Webmasters who must administer a dedicated server on Linux

Curious like you just wonder how Linux works;)

With Linux, you can now take control of your computer and discover an exciting new world, all without spending a penny! :)

For french reader follow http://fr.openclassrooms.com/informatique/cours/reprenez-le-controle-a-l-aide-de-linux

for english wiat some days I will piblish this course on http://cours.cofares.net

mardi 3 septembre 2013

Linux today

3 Secrets for Exceptional Web Application Performance
Download this article to learn the 3 secrets to assure predictable web application performance, and why a new approach can help your organization deliver exceptional application service and end-user experience. Click Here >>

GNOME Web To Abandon Google Search
Phoronix: The GNOME Web Browser will no longer be using Google as its default search engine but they have struck a deal to use DuckDuckGo as its new search engine. Read more >>
5 Things to Know About Salt Cloud Management
Linux.com: You will be forgiven if you haven't heard of the Salt project. Read more >>
22 Years Later, The Linux And Open Source "Cancer" Is Wonderfully Benign
readwrite: Linux just turned 22 and the open source revolution it sparked is just getting started, two experts suggest Read more >>
Kevin Mitnick Details Modern IT Threats
eWEEK: video: One of the most infamous hackers of all time talks about Website security and what users should do to protect themselves. Read more >>
Will Firefox OS beat Ubuntu in smartphone sales?
ITworld: I can't say I'm surprised the first shipment of Firefox phones sold out. Read more >>

+Pascal Fares 

mardi 14 mai 2013

Linux Leads in Open Source Quality, but Risky Defects Lurk

Government Computer News (05/11/13) Paul McCloskey

Linux topped open source software in quality in a study of the defects that occur in the software development process.  For more than seven years, Coverity Scan Service analyzed 850 million lines of code from more than 300 open source projects, including those written in Linux, PHP, and Apache.  Using a measure of defects per 1,000 lines of code, the study found that Linux consistently recorded defect densities of less than 1.0, with versions scanned between 2011 and 2012 having defect rates below 0.7.  The study also found that high-risk defects were prevalent in the software development process, with 36 percent of defects classified as a "threat to overall software quality and security if undetected."  The most common high-risk defects included memory corruption, illegal memory access, and resource leaks, which the study's report says are "all difficult to detect without automated code analysis."  The study also found that the average quality of open source software was virtually equal to that of proprietary software.
http://gcn.com/blogs/pulse/2013/05/linux-leads-in-open-source-quality-but-risky-defects-lurk.aspx

mardi 7 mai 2013

Can Cloverleaf Linux be the Ubuntu of rpm world?


Posted: 06 May 2013 06:30 AM PDT
The now defunct Fuduntu team has come together to create a new distribution which they initially called FuSE Linux which was complementing Fedora and openSUSE.

Posted: 06 May 2013 09:47 PM PDT
Plasma Desktop is infinitely configurable, here's some tips I use to be more productive.

lundi 29 avril 2013

How to convert PDF to Image? Linux

  1. Install imagemagickInstall imagemagick
  2. Using a terminal where the pdf located: convert file.pdf file.png (.png or .jpg or any other format). will create file-1.png ... file-i.png ... file-n.png where n the number of pages.

or using the poppler-utils packages containing the utility pdftoppm capable of converting pages from a pdf file to ppm, png or jpeg format:
pdftoppm -png file.pdf prefix
will produce prefix-01.png etc. for each page.

samedi 22 décembre 2012

KDE's Plama Active Running On Nexus 7




Posted: 21 Dec 2012 09:54 AM PST
KDE developers have succeeded in running the touch-optimized Plasma Active Linux Distribution on Nexus 7.

Posted: 21 Dec 2012 07:38 AM PST
KDE developer Martin Gräßlin has posted a road-map for Kwin on Qt 5. The release of Qt 5 has brought many system optimizations as well as 99% backwards compatibility. But applications that interacts with system needs to be ported on Qt 5. Kwin is one such application, it needs to be ported to Qt 5. To bring Kwin to Qt 5 developer needs to switch to XCB from Xlib.
Gräßlin writes on his blog:

Posted: 21 Dec 2012 07:20 AM PST
After initial stages of fundraising campaign, the developers have published a new release of MediaGoblin, the only full "free as in freedom" media sharing software.
media goblin

Posted: 21 Dec 2012 07:15 AM PST
The first beta of Mageia 3, a Linux distro based on Mandriva has been released. This update comes after several delays as developers were busy fixing several blocker bugs and improving the stability of the ISOs.

Posted: 21 Dec 2012 07:12 AM PST
The Linux Mint team have published a new release of Linux Mint 14 Xfce, codenamed Nadia. This release comes with the Xfce desktop pre-installed, unlike the original flavor of Linux Mint which uses Cinnamon.
linux mint

Posted: 21 Dec 2012 05:41 AM PST
Steam for Linux was available in AUR for a while now and it has been updated to the latest version.

mardi 27 novembre 2012

Linux 3.7 rc7


A week ago, I had even considered skipping -rc7 entirely as things had
been so calm, but decided that there was little reason to hurry the
release.

And oh, how sadly right I was. -rc7 is out now, and is not at all
smaller than the previous rc's, and in fact slightly scarier. For some
reason the block layer came up on the radar, and there are md, scsi
and generic block layer changes in there. So we definitely want
another week of testing, and hopefully things really are solid.

There's also a few filesystem fixes (reiserfs, xfs and ext3) and
various other driver updates (sound, networking and drm).

Shortlog appended. Go out and test,

                    Linus

mercredi 21 novembre 2012

Howto: Linux Add User To Group

by NIXCRAFT on MARCH 14, 2006 · 96 COMMENTS· last updated at JUNE 10, 2010


How can I add a user to a group under Linux operating system?

You can use the useradd or usermod commands to add a user to a group. The useradd command creates a new user or update default new user information. The usermod command modifies a user account i.e. it is useful to add user to existing group. There are two types of group. First is primary user group and other is secondary group. All user account related information is stored in /etc/passwd/etc/shadow and /etc/group files to store user information.

useradd Example - Add A New User To Secondary Group

You need to the useradd command to add new users to existing group (or create a new group and then add user). If group does not exist, create it. The syntax is as follows:
useradd -G {group-nameusername
In this example, create a new user called vivek and add it to group called developers. First login as a root user (make sure group developers exists), enter:
# grep developers /etc/group
Output:
developers:x:1124:
If you do not see any output then you need to add group developers using groupadd command:
# groupadd developers
Next, add a user called vivek to group developers:
# useradd -G developers vivek
Setup password for user vivek:
# passwd vivek
Ensure that user added properly to group developers:
# id vivekOutput:
uid=1122(vivek) gid=1125(vivek) groups=1125(vivek),1124(developers)
Please note that capital G (-G) option add user to a list of supplementary groups. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. For example, add user jerry to groups admins, ftp, www, and developers, enter:
# useradd -G admins,ftp,www,developers jerry

useradd example - Add a new user to primary group

To add a user tony to group developers use following command:
# useradd -g developers tony
# id tony

Sample outputs:
uid=1123(tony) gid=1124(developers) groups=1124(developers)
Please note that small -g option add user to initial login group (primary group). The group name must exist. A group number must refer to an already existing group.

usermod example - Add a existing user to existing group

Add existing user tony to ftp supplementary/secondary group with usermod command using -a option ~ i.e. add the user to the supplemental group(s). Use only with -G option :
# usermod -a -G ftp tony
Change existing user tony primary group to www:
# usermod -g www tony




mardi 20 novembre 2012

Ubuntu Raring Now 13% Complete, 10% Of Porting To Mobile Devices Complete


Nexus 4 Does Have An LTE Chip On Its Shoulder

Posted: 19 Nov 2012 02:15 AM PST


A teardown by iFixit reveals that Google's flagship phone Nexus 4, manufactured by LG, does have an LTE chip in it.


Ubuntu Raring Now 13% Complete, 10% Of Porting To Mobile Devices Complete

Posted: 19 Nov 2012 09:00 PM PST

The Ubuntu development team have published a nice status page where you can readily monitor the development of upcoming versions of Ubuntu. From that status page, we learned that around 13% of the proposed work for Raring Ringtail is complete. One of the chief aims of Ubuntu 13.04 Raring, i.e. porting it to embedded and mobile devices is complete. However, only 1% of work is complete for Kubuntu 13.04.

Gnome Shell 3.7.2 Out, Supports Search Providers

Posted: 19 Nov 2012 08:59 PM PST

A new version of the Gnome Desktop, Gnone 3.7.2 is out. This version includes several stability and performance improvements along with bug fixes theta will make the Gnome desktop more stable, secure and reliable. Among the many changes in this release, the most important is the support for remote search providers. Now not only you will be able to search Wikipedia and Google from Gnome, but also will be able to search files, folders and documents from the single Gnome search bar.

Firefox Is Now Available For Android Devices With ARMv6 Processors 

Posted: 19 Nov 2012 07:53 PM PST

With its support to older ARMv6 processors Firefox for Android can now run on millions of new Android devices. The new browser also has many features like seamless intregration with TalkBack and support for Explore by Touch.

Keep Up With Your Wordpress Blog With The Amazing Firefox Extension

Posted: 19 Nov 2012 03:34 AM PST

If you have a Wordpress.com blog and want to keep notified with it even without visiting the site, you can just install an amazing extension that alerts you from time to time regarding activities in your blog. Every time some one follows you, likes your posts or comments on them , you will get a notification alert on the sidebar of your browser. Much like Facebook notifications, you can click on the icons and navigate straightaway to the page from where the activity happened.

Valve Adds Three More Game Titles To Linux, Invites More Testers

Posted: 19 Nov 2012 03:19 AM PST

Game developer and distributor Valve has ramped up Steam for Linux by adding three more game titles. Steam for Linux was originally released with 24 titles and now the count stands at 27. You can see all the games supported in Linux platform in this page.

Here Comes PengPod Tablet Which Dual Boots Linux As Well As Android

Posted: 19 Nov 2012 03:18 AM PST

We have heard dual-booting in PCs, Macs and Laptops. The amazing technology allows one to oot into two OSes in a single computer. User has to specify different partitions for the OSes he wants to boot and is provides with options during booting. Dual booting was unknown in tablets and mobile phones until lately. Innovators have come out with PengPod, that will be able to boot Android as well as Linux in a single tablet.
Future Gnome Releases May Include Application Sandboxing

Posted: 19 Nov 2012 03:12 AM PST
With computers and applications becoming more and more smarter everyday, one is coming more close to security breeches and loopholes. Security issues today are more complex and harder to detect than they were five years ago. Developers are becoming more and more aware of this situation and they are finding out way to make computing more secure, fast and relaible.

Controversial Nautilus 3.6 Lands Up In Raring Ringtail

Posted: 19 Nov 2012 03:11 AM PST

The much hyped Gnome's file manager Nautilus 3.6 has made its way to the upcoming version of Ubuntu, Raring Ringtail. This version was earlier not adopted in Quantal due to many of its controversial changes. The whole desktop was upgraded to Gnome 3.6 while the file manager remained of 3.4 branch. Linux Mint developers on the other hand made their own fork of file manager called Nemo. This is similar to the earlier attitude taken by the developers, i.e. bring their own fork of Gnome as they did for Cinnamon.

lundi 19 novembre 2012

XBMC Media Center 12.0 Beta Out, Ships With Android Support , Ubuntu Gaining More Popularity As A Server OS, Skype For Linux Updated to 4.1, Ships With Windows Live Support, Lead Compiz Developer Leaves Canonical To Persue Education, Enlightenment Desktop Alpha 3 Release Out, First Stable Release On The Way, Egosoft Porting X Series Game To Linux

XBMC Media Center 12.0 Beta Out, Ships With Android Support 

Posted: 18 Nov 2012 10:51 AM PST

Open source video and home theater PC software XBMC has hit another beta and this version ships with some cool features, stability enhancements and bug fixes. Also, this version, which is codenamed "Frodo" ships for some new platforms like Raspberry Pi and Android.

Ubuntu Gaining More Popularity As A Server OS 

Posted: 18 Nov 2012 10:49 AM PST

Ubuntu, which is more inclined to be a OS for desktops is gaining more popularity as a server OS. Lately, statistics done by W3Techs show that Ubuntu is installed on 7% of servers world wide. Thats a huge number given the popularity of the web and more and more websites and servers coming out everyday.

Skype For Linux Updated to 4.1, Ships With Windows Live Support 

Posted: 18 Nov 2012 10:48 AM PST

Skype, the popular video conferencing app for Linux has been updated to version 4.1. This update ships with Windows Live Support in Skype. Earlier, to chat with Windows Live users, Linux users needed to rely on other chat clients like Empathy or Pidgin.

Lead Compiz Developer Leaves Canonical To Persue Education 

Posted: 18 Nov 2012 10:46 AM PST

A leading Ubuntu developer has left Canonical to persue his University studies. Sam Spilsbury worked in Compiz development for quite a long time of two years and recently announced his quitting in a blog post

Enlightenment Desktop Alpha 3 Release Out, First Stable Release On The Way 

Posted: 18 Nov 2012 10:17 AM PST

The Enlightenment desktop is a different kind of desktop environment, which aims to be lightweight, efficient, configurable as well as attractive. The desktop has been in active development for over a decade, and was in alpha stages till now. The first stable release is expected to be on 21st of December this year.

Egosoft Porting X Series Game To Linux 

Posted: 18 Nov 2012 07:05 AM PST

German game developer Egosoft has decided to port its popular X series games to linux. They want to offer "unified product on Steam" so that their users can run their game across multiple platform.

vendredi 26 octobre 2012

Modern Linux desktops like Ubuntu's Unity and the GNOME Shell have placed a requirement on OpenGL

An anonymous reader writes"Modern Linux desktops like Ubuntu's Unity and the GNOME Shell have placed a requirement on OpenGL 2.0+ support for handling their compositing window managers and desktop effects. Wayland's Weston also needs OpenGL ES 2.0 support. Now with modern Linux distributions like Ubuntu 12.10, rather than falling back to a 2D unaccelerated desktop if you don't have a sufficient GPU or graphics driver, users are being forced to run LLVMpipe as a CPU-based software rasterizer. LLVMpipe works fine if you are on a new PC with a fast x86-64 CPU, but the OpenGL-based Linux desktops are causing growing pains for ARM hardware, virtual machines, servers, multi-seat computers, and of course all older hardware.LLVMpipe is a Mesa Gallium3D driver that uses LLVM for run-time code generation as an attempt at accelerating graphics faster on the CPU. So much for Linux being good for old computers?"The KMS based graphics stack is already effectively unusable on AGP systems (if you have SMP + AGP, there are race conditions somewhere leading to really hard crashes that appeared a couple of years ago and dozens of years old open bugs with no resolution other than "use PCI mode" which cuts bus bandwidth by 4 or 8 times, and still doesn't work with SMP), but for those with older PCIe/IGP systems you could always runs Window Maker, Sawfish, Enlightenment, Open Box, or one of many other window managers without a compositor. Of course then you lose compositing, and there aren't any usable external compositors for some reason. The flipside to this is that moving to OpenGL as the primary interface to the GPU means one fewer driver that has to be written, and will probably lead to an overall improved experience for those with supported hardware given the limited resources Free Software drivers authors have.

mercredi 15 août 2012

Does Windows 8 help set the stage for mainstream Linux desktops?


Takeaway: Windows 8 will release soon and this could be the perfect storm the Linux desktop has needed. Couple that with a few missteps by Microsoft and Linux is looking at a big and bright future. Do you agree?
How long has the open source crowd been shouting at the top of their lungs, “World domination!”? I ought to know the answer to that as the cry has been part and parcel to my own personal repertoire for over a decade. And why not? The Linux desktop has been a stable foundation on which users could always depend when they finally took the plunge. It worked, plain and simple.
But the detractors always had plenty of ammo to keep the desktop from gaining any traction.
  • It didn’t run business-centric apps.
  • There were no games.
  • Windows is what everyone knows (and people do not like change).
That was pretty much it. Three simple reasons to seal the deal against Linux ever gaining any traction on the big stage. But, those times are changing and changing quickly.
I know — there are still plenty of readers shaking their heads claiming me nothing more than a day dreamer. But there’s a new reason to be hopeful these days.
With the release of Windows 8, not only is Microsoft poisoning the well of its users with a drastically different interface, it is also locking down Metro application installation to only those from the Microsoft App store. This is exaggerated even more on the ARM version of Windows 8 — in that only Metro apps can be installed. Only on Windows 8 x86 will you be able to run traditional applications.
What does this do to all of those businesses that have proprietary applications and have been putting their faith and budget into 64-bit architecture? For those — they will have to hope that Windows 7 will continue on for a long, long time.
But Microsoft has made it very clear they want developers developing for Metro — not legacy.
Microsoft is also in the development of their own brand of touchscreen tablet/notebook hybrid — thereby giving a cold shoulder to their current hardware partners (one of which is Dell who happens to be, once again, testing the Linux desktop markets — only this time with their high-end line of laptops).
And then, to add a nice creamy topping to this un-delicious cake — there’s the secure boot problem (which I’ve already covered). So, when you add all of this up and you include two things:
  • The rise, again, of Ubuntu being the ‘cool kid’ on the block
  • Valve and Blizzard both coming out (quite vocally) against the up-coming release of Windows 8 (and how it is going to negatively effect the PC world)
You can see the stage is set for that world domination Linux has cried out for all these years. But, here’s the rub (and the painful truth) — businesses are simply going to hold onto Windows 7 for as long as they can. We already see this with Windows XP. I still see so many XP machines out there and those machine will continue to run until they die. Period. Once they die, people will have a few choices:
  • Purchase a Windows 8 machine and stick with Metro.
  • Purchase a Windows 8 machine and pay for the downgrade to Windows 7.
  • Purchase a PC (regardless of OS) and install a flavor of Linux.
  • Purchase a Linux PC from the likes of System 76 or Dell.
  • Purchase a Mac.
Obviously each choice has its pros and cons. The biggest con going against the Linux option is the lack of business-class applications (such as QuickBooks). But think of this scenario — what happens if Intuit opts to not re-write all of their code to work with Metro? They may as well port QuickBooks to Linux — and why wouldn’t they want to port their bread and butter to a more stable platform?
Eventually this is all going to come to a bottle neck and everyone is going to have to make a choice — and a hard choice at that. From my incredibly biased perspective, I highly recommend people (and businesses) begin the switch to the Linux desktop now. Make the switch, get your users accustomed to the new flavor of desktop, and enjoy a level of stability and reliability you (and your users) have never been used to. Most day to day business can be run from within a web browser anyway — even web-based Exchange email — and for those remaining applications, have a Windows machine (or two) around so users can work with QuickBooks until Intuit finally realizes there’s a pot of gold to be had with Linux.
I know there will be plenty of people out there who will balk at the idea of Linux gaining serious ground on the desktop. But when the reactions to Windows 8 start pouring in and people simply refuse to adopt, they will have to go somewhere. This will be the perfect opportunity for Linux distributions to pounce and show the world the Linux desktop is the best available option. It’s free, reliable, stable. secure, has tens of thousands of applications, and doesn’t suffer from the fundamental security flaws that Windows endures.
What do you think? Will the release of Windows 8 be the perfect storm Linux has been looking for over the past decade? And, if so, what is the best way for Linux distributions to take advantage?